Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science
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Item Metadata only The relevance of using accounting fundamentals in the Mexican stock market(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2013-10-30) Dorantes Dosamantes, Carlos AlbertoThis paper examines the value relevance of accounting fundamentals in the Mexican Stock Market ([BMV] – Bolsa Mexicana de Valores). The research question that motivated the paper was: Can accounting fundamentals provide relevant information to better understand firm value? More specifically, the paper examines whether the application of an accounting fundamental strategy to select stocks of a portfolio can systematically yield significant and positive excess market buy-and-hold returns after one and two years of portfolio formation. Based on valuation theory, accounting research and the maturity level of the BMV, a set of accounting fundamental signals is proposed that reflects information that influences security prices, but not necessarily in a timely manner. Using quarterly financial and market data from 196 BMV stocks from 1991 to 2011, it is shown that after controlling for earnings, book-to-market ratio and firm size, the fundamental strategy proposed here provides value information relevant to investors. The relationship between the accounting fundamental signals proposed and the buy-and-hold market future return (one-year and two-year returns) is significant and positive considering the 1991-2011 period. Portfolios formed with high scores of these signals show an average of 1.62% market excess annual return between 1991 and 2011, and about 9% between 1997 and 2011. Besides the practical implication of the findings –e.g. the possibility mispriced securities– this paper contributes to the scarce accounting research in Latin American capital markets by furthering understanding of the “post-earnings” drift phenomenon in the BMV.Item Metadata only Estudio del efecto tamaño en el mercado bursátil colombiano(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2013-10-30) Duarte Duarte, Juan Benjamín; Ramírez León, Zulay Yesenia; Mascareñas Pérez-Iñigo, Juan ManuelIn this paper we analyze the historical returns of the companies listed on the Colombian stock exchange, from January 2004 until June 2012, in order to determine the possible presence of a risk premium in smaller companies relative to larger ones. This premium is known as Size Effect and it has been found that it is significant after adjusting of risk by Capital Asset Pricing Model. The results obtained in this work for the stock market in Colombia do not show the presence of an additional risk premium due to the size of enterprises, rejecting both size effect and reverse size effect.Item Metadata only Retos de la gestión pública: presupuesto por resultados y rendición de cuentas(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2013-10-30) Franciskovic, JubitzaDocument searches draw attention to the need to discuss, theoretically and practically, the challenges that must be faced by public administration in the management of preparing a budget by results and accountability, particularly when taking into account the useful tools in the process of ensuring “good government”. To do this, a conceptual analysis of both tools was performed. Firstly, the management by results approach is presented, along with the challenges that this new framework involves for the public administration in relation to the optimisation of the use of public resources, to ensure a transparent and equitable process and to improve the performance of public bodies, becoming the basis for better accountability (the second aspect analysed in the document). Accountability becomes a challenge, on being an effective means of monitoring and sanctions between society and government, through which the public servants have to respond, explain and justify their actions, subjected to an ethical and juridical order, to the completing of objectives. It is here where the direct participation by the civil society is fundamental for the evaluation of the results. The document analyses these concepts at a time when our country has the improvement in the quality of public spending as a national priority. Thus, the results approach in the budget preparation has to be considered, by those responsible for economic policy, such as a key mechanism to achieve this, and in turn accountability is particularly linked, to the push that it attempt to give to social policy, as an important element in the administration for the management of public funds, which can help to ensure the effectiveness and transparency of these processes.Item Metadata only ADR effects on domestic Latin American financial market(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-06-30) Mendiola Cabrera, AlfredoThe purpose of this paper is to revisit and extend previous research work that examines the ADR-listing effects on the trading process of all the domestically-listed stocks in the main Latin American exchanges. The most important result is consistent with the idea of a greater isolation (from global markets) of the singly-listed stocks in the post-cross-listing period. These results persist over the cross-listing months. As expected, the cross-listed stocks become more integrated in the post-cross listing period.Item Metadata only Determinants of strategic risk management in emerging markets supply chains: the case of Mexico(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-06-30) Lassar, Walfried; Haar, Jerry; Montalvo, Raúl; Hulser, LeslieRisk mitigation in global supply chains has grown in importance in recent years, in tandem with globalization and both the commercial and security threats faced by firms both large and small. This study hypothesizes that a firm’s ability to manage risk strategy— and therefore support its competitiveness—is determined by a symbiotic triad of factors: the resources it utilizes; network systems; and performance criteria it employs. The study, comprising 24 in-depth interviews with electronics and IT firms, examines resource utilization through the Resource-Based View (RBV), assesses firms’ proclivity to engage in networks for risk mitigation and competitiveness; and highlights the importance of performance evaluation as a critically important component in supply chain management. Findings reveal that both buyers and suppliers believe that the symbiotic triad can provide them with a competitive advantage in addition to improving operational efficiency, effectiveness and quality. Future research should also extend this pilot investigation to other countries and industries, and utilize a larger sample of firms for quantitative as well as qualitative assessment.Item Metadata only Applying chaid to identify the accounting-financial characteristics of the most profitable real estate companies in Spain(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-12-30) Rayo, Salvador; Cortes, Antonio M.The aim of this study is the determination, from an empirical perspective, of the accounting and financial features which could condition financial profitability of real estate companies, to identify the performances that guarantee its permanency in the current marketplace, characterized by the world economic crisis, specially in Spain, whose housing sector represents an important contributor to the economic growth. Although at a theoretical level the DuPont Model establishes the relationships between a group of accounting ratios and financial profitability. This paper uses a sample of 5,484 Spanish real estate com-panies to quantify these relationships and to extract the most relevant ones and to obtain the patterns of the most profitable companies. We use ROE to measure profitability and we analyze various independent variables about solvency, liquidity, activity, turnover, financial equilibrium and investment structure. The main contribution is of methodological nature, as we have applied statistics tools that do not require initial hypotheses on the distribution of the variables, by using a data mining technique of classification and regression tree based on rule induction algorithms known as CHAID. The study provides quantitatively success profiles by means of a set of rules describing the patterns of the most profitable companies.Item Metadata only Re-engineering agriculture for enhanced performance through financing(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-12-30) Mafimisebi, Taiwo; Oguntade, Adegboyega; Mafimisebi, OjuotimiInsufficient institutional credit is a major contributor to the persistent poor performance of the Nigerian agricultural sector. To encourage financial institutions to increase lending to the sector, a partial credit guarantee scheme was instituted. The scheme commenced operations in 1978 with an authorized capital of N100.00 million, subscribed to 60% and 40% by the Federal Government of Nigeria and the Central Bank of Nigeria, respectively. This paper presents an appraisal of the scheme. The results revealed that there has been continuous growth in paid-up share capital, total fund resources, maximum amount of loan obtainable by farmers, number and value of loans guaranteed, volume and value of loans fully repaid and volume and value of default claims settled. There was a long-run convergence between the number and volume of guaranteed loans and the agricultural GDP. This finding indicates the need to expand the quantum of funds available for guaranteeing agricultural loans to increase performance of the agricultural sector in the long run. This step is justified by the strategic role of agricul-ture in the Nigerian economy in terms of food and fiber production, job creation, income generation, poverty reduction and economic stability.Item Metadata only La investigación sobre el marketing relacional: un análisis de contenido de la literatura 2007-2008(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-12-30) Wakabayashi, José LuisThe purpose of this article is to perform a literature review on Relational Marketing, to prepare a content analysis of it for classification and to provide to Marketing academics and practitioners with a bibliography by subjects. A search on Relation-al Marketing articles was performed in 55 specialized journals. Each article was taken as a unit of analysis. The classification of the units in excluding categories was prepared by two independent researchers to confirm the validity of the classification. The analysis of content considered five excluding categories: objectives, constructs, instruments, industrial applications and subjects for the years 2007 and 2008. The study, at the same time, classifies the articles according the criteria of region, region and studied industry for these years. The classification for industries implied reordering all the authors of the reviewed texts according to universal criteria of codification of economics activities CIIU.Item Metadata only Agency costs and the size discount: evidence from acquisitions(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-12-30) Offenberg, DavidMany scholars have found a negative relationship between a firm’s size and its value, as measured by Tobin’s q. This result is called the size discount. There are hypotheses about why the size discount exists, but none have been rigorously empirically tested. This paper argues that the size discount is created by the inability of shareholders to minimize agency costs in larger companies. Statistical tests suggest that the size discount only appears in large firms with managers that impose excessive agency costs upon their shareholders. Empiricists who use Tobin’s q to proxy for growth opportunities may need a different proxy.Item Metadata only Strategic brand positioning analysis through comparison of cognitive and conative perceptions(Universidad ESAN. ESAN Ediciones, 2010-12-30) Manhas, Parikshat S.Due to the globalization of the economy, there has been great competition in the business sector. The basic human desire to challenge new limits and capture as much market as it is possible has given a new dimension to the concept of market-ing - brand positioning. To position a brand requires making choices; whereas having a position means people will prefer a brand over another. A brand can be positioned in several ways: offering a specific benefit, targeting a specific segment, price or distribution. Despite the fact that positioning is considered by both academics and practitioners to be one of the key ele-ments of modern marketing management, it is surprising to uncover general paucity of consumers/customers derived studies regarding brand positioning strategies.This article analyzes the market position held by a competitive set of brands in the hair oil market through a comparison of cognitive and conative perceptions. Cognition will be identified by trailing a factor analytic adaptation of importance per-formance analysis. In turn, conation will be gauged by stated intent of the consumers to purchase the hair oil brands under study. The alignment of the results from these techniques will help in identifying the position of leadership held by a brand in the hair oil market. The marketers, in order to strategically place their brands in today’s competitive market, need to identify the attributes on which they need to focus and those of paramount importance for the consumers. This method of positioning analysis offers a practical means for present-day marketers faced with the challenge of identifying one or few brands from their diverse and multi-attributed brand range that could be developed to differentiate their brand in a meaningful way to consumers.